CategoryNorth America

Does genetic enhancement broaden choices or create new limitations?

This blog post examines whether genetic engineering is a technology that expands children’s potential or a dangerous intervention that may limit future choices, prompting reflection on human rights and the direction of societal change.   Genetic engineering is one of the most prominent fields of study in the 21st century. Though its history is relatively short, its application across...

Do parents have a legitimate right to genetically design their children?

This blog post examines the rights and ethical issues surrounding genetic design, analyzing through various perspectives how far parental decisions can be justified.   Michael Sandel argues in ‘The Ethics of Life’ that even if genetically possible, parents should not design their children. Sandel contends that genetic enhancement could lead to eugenics-like problems of determining the...

What new inequalities might a society where parents design their children create?

This blog post examines the forms of class separation that could emerge in a society where genetic engineering is commonplace, deeply exploring the nature of new inequalities arising between designed humans and those born naturally.   Anyone interested in life sciences has likely heard of the film “GATTACA.” The somewhat unusual title “GATTACA” is a word composed of the combinations of G, A...

Sacred Cows and Golden Geese (Animal Testing: Is It Really Necessary?)

Animal testing is essential for medical and scientific progress, yet debates persist over its unethical nature and unnecessary use. With appropriate regulations and alternative methods emerging, a reassessment of the necessity for animal testing is required.   Animal testing involves using animals for medical experiments to study biological phenomena. It is widely used for research and...

How do ‘The Last Song’ and ‘Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship’ differ?

This blog post compares ‘The Last Song’ and ‘Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship’, analyzing the distinct characteristics of coming-of-age novels and the differences in personal growth depicted through their respective social contexts.   Preface Just as people have diverse tastes in music, each person has their own favorite novels and preferred genres. The thrill and emotion I felt when I...

‘Full House’: What Does Progress Mean in Evolutionary Theory?

In this blog post, we explore new perspectives on progress and diversity in evolutionary theory through Stephen Jay Gould’s ‘Full House’, examining how he expanded Darwin’s theory of evolution.   In ‘Full House’, Stephen Jay Gould argues that Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution has been besieged by misunderstanding and prejudice. Before presenting his own theory on evolution, he...

Why is The Old Man and the Sea called a story of solitary human triumph that calls forth hope?

The Old Man and the Sea depicts the indomitable will of humanity through the old man’s solitary struggle. The unyielding hope and spirit of challenge even in the face of failure show life’s true victory.   Humanism of Self-Overcoming The Old Man and the Sea weaves its narrative through the story of a man overcoming adversity through endurance. Old Man Santiago, alone at sea...

How old is the boy Manolin in ‘The Old Man and the Sea’?

Is the ‘boy’ Manolin in Hemingway’s ‘The Old Man and the Sea’ really just a young boy? This article traces his actual age based on the original text.   On the Age of the ‘Boy’ in the Work The Old Man and the Sea is considered one of Hemingway’s finest works. In contrast, its narrative structure is simple. It tells the story of an old fisherman who catches a giant fish in the Gulf...

The Old Man and the Sea: A Record of Struggle

A fierce battle between an old fisherman and a giant fish on the rough sea. The Old Man and the Sea is a record of struggle depicting human will, solitude, and the nobility of life.   The Old Man and the Sea is the last work published during the lifetime of American novelist Ernest Hemingway and remains his most beloved masterpiece, cherished by readers worldwide. Especially since its...

Normal Science and Paradigms: Their Influence on the Essence and Motivation of Research

This blog post delves deeply into the relationship between the essence of academic research and the motivations felt by researchers, based on Thomas Kuhn’s concepts of normal science and paradigms.   I discovered an interesting book. Thanks to it, I found an opportunity to reflect on the psychological background I’d been struggling to grasp recently. I began reading Thomas...